Helmut Schneider, Düsseldorf

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<b>
Migration and Livelihood Strategies of Urban Households
        in Selected Secondary Centers in Thailand and the Philippines
</b>

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Pages 246 - 262


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When considering the population growth of Bangkok and Manila
        respectively, it is still too early to claim the appearance of a significant
        shift. Yet, a more rapid growth - especially pertaining to rural-urban
        migration - of cities belonging to the second tier of the hiearchy of
        urban systems, can be established. This is also true for the secondary
        cities studied here: Baguio City and Zamboanga City in the Philippines,
        Chiang Mai and Phuket in Thailand. For the most part, the household considered
        in this study claimed that their decision to migrate was either directly
        or indirectly economically motivated. This justifies the interpretation
        that migration is an integral part of livelihood strategies. The household
        is the key coordination unit when it comes to strategies aimed at the
        pooling of resources. But the concrete formation of such strategies depends
        on the economic potential of the urban locations, the context of migration
        and, last but not least, culture specific factors. The latter can be exemplified
        by comparing these countries, for instance by looking at the varying degree
        of family centered social networks. Such differences can only be explained
        by the re-examination of socio-cultural factors.


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